The Impact of Social Culture Environment for Modern Science Development: Based on the Understanding of Merton's Dissertation

In the ages of Big Science and under the situation of advocating an innovative society, it’s very significant to re-read the Merton’s Dissertation named ″Science, Technology and Society in the 17th Century England″ and explore fascination of thought and modern value in the classics which was recognized as a work of sociology of science. Along the thinking logic of Merton’s text, we make the history of reduction and in-depth analysis of the England social culture environment in 17th century from three aspects of politics, economy and culture. And with this a base point, some important influences of Social Culture Environment to the rise and development of Modern Science are fully discussed from three perspectives which are the driving force of modern science, the turn of scientific research fields and its interaction mechanism